Sunifiram, also known as DM-235, is a memory boosting AMPAkine drug that is one of the newer and least studied nootropics. It is a synthetic derivative of Piracetam but technically is not related to the racetam family due to the breaking of its underlying organic compound pyrrolidone. Developed around the year 2000 it is a relatively unknown drug and yet lacks sufficient studies on humans. Studies on rats and primates however have shown that Sunifiram, similar to members of the racetam family such as Piracetam, Pramiracetam, Aniracetam or Oxiracetam, have the potential to enhance cognitive functions like memory or accelerated thinking.

Sunifiram is an AMPAkine drug. AMPAkines modulate AMPA receptors in the hippocampus. The part of the brain responsible for memory and the processes of encoding, pattern completion, and pattern separation. AMPA is an artificial analog of glutamate, a very important neurotransmitter and mimics the effects of the glutamate receptors that enable rapid transmissions from one neuron to another. 

Besides promotion of our thinking speed and capabilities, Sunifiram has shown to reduce amnesia induced by different kinds of medication such as specific antihistamines, scopolamine - for treating motion sickness and post-operative nausea and vomiting or clonidine - a medication used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Sunifiram increases acetylcholine secretion in the prefrontal cortex of the brain. Acetylcholine is an important neurotransmitter that plays a major role in arousal, attention, memory and motivation. Some people in the bodybuilding environment have reported that ingestion of Sunifiram during extensive workout phases them maintain motivation and focus.

Sunifiram is stronger than those nootropics of the racetam family. It was proven to be about 4 times stronger than Piracetam.

Sunifiram is very similar to Nefiracetam in its mechanisms of actions. Nefiracetam is another nootropic derived from Piracetam, but in fact related to Piracetam. Compared to Sunifiram though, Nefiracetam is much better studied and its effects have been proven by scientists. Similar to Nefiracetam, Sunifiram is believed to be effective after ingestion over a longer period of time. Nefiracetam is usually taken for a minimum of 7 days before any improvement in cognitive functions is felt. You have to assume that the same applies to supplementing Sunifiram. Although some users reported that the effect is felt after first ingestion.

Stacking

Sunifiram improves memory and thinking. A nootropic that improves mood and motivation may be of good choice when wanting to combine Sunifiram with another supplement. A focus and attention increasing supplement like DMAE forms an adequate partner supplement for Sunifiram.

Dosage

Since very few clinical studies exist and those that exist are not studies on humans, the recommended dosage of Sunifiram should never exceed 10 mg per day. 

Usage

By most users, Sunifiram In powder form is taken sublingually. Capsules are usually taken with liquids like a glass of water or juice. 

Appearance

Raw Sunifiram comes in fine powdered form of white or off-white color. 

Side-Effects

When Sunifiram is taken in higher doses than those generally recommended, it can cause headache, accelerated heartbeat and excessive sweating. 

Warning

Pregnant or lactating women should not take Sunifiram as the effects on mother or unborn baby are completely unknown and could cause miscarriage!

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